Caracterização e avaliação do potencial agronômico e nutricional de etnovariedades de cubiu (Solanum sessiliflorum Dunal) da Amazônia

Abstract

Cubiu (Solanum sessiliflorum Dunal), is an important genetic resource for the Amazonian people, because its fruit is traditionally usede for food, medicine and cosmetics. As na excellent product for agribusiness, it is important to study the species to contribuite to regional development. The agronomic and nutritional potential of different cubiu ethnovarietes (ETNs) was characterized and evaluated., in an experiment at INPA's Horticulture Experimental Station, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, on a sandy textured, low fertility, alic, red-yellow Podzol, in an experimental design of randomized blocks, with 28 treatments (the ETNs) and four repetitions, the following fruit agronomic and chemical composition characteristics were evaluated: fruit number, shape, length, diameter, weight, pulp thickness, potassium, zinc, manganese, sodium, iron, magnesium and calcium. There were significant differences among the ETNs for all characteristics. The 28 ETNs were could be classified into nine different fruit shape. Fruit number/plant varied from 4 to 89, and mean fruit weight from 18.5 to 301g. Among the macroelents, potassium had the highest concentration in all 28 ETNs (varying from 54.6 to 563.5 mg in 100 g fresh pulp). The ETN from Lábrea (AM) produced the fruits with highest concentrations of this element. Among the microelements, iron varied from 97.3 to 352 mcg and the ETN from Barcelos (AM) had the highest concentration. In general, the ETNs presented ample genetic variability to be exploited in a cubiu improvement program.", 'en