Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/15234
Title: One thousand DNA barcodes of piranhas and pacus reveal geographic structure and unrecognised diversity in the Amazon
Authors: Machado, Valéria Nogueira
Collins, Rupert A.
Ota, Rafaela Priscila
Andrade, Marcelo C.
Farias, Izeni P.
Hrbek, Tomas
Keywords: Animals
Biodiversity
Characiformes
Classification
Dna Barcoding
Gene Locus
Genetics
Geography
Phylogeny
Animal
Biodiversity
Characiformes
Dna Barcoding, Taxonomic
Genetic Loci
Geography
Phylogeny
Issue Date: 2018
metadata.dc.publisher.journal: Scientific Reports
metadata.dc.relation.ispartof: Volume 8, Número 1
Abstract: Piranhas and pacus (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae) are a charismatic but understudied family of Neotropical fishes. Here, we analyse a DNA barcode dataset comprising 1,122 specimens, 69 species, 16 genera, 208 localities, and 34 major river drainages in order to make an inventory of diversity and to highlight taxa and biogeographic areas worthy of further sampling effort and conservation protection. Using four methods of species discovery - incorporating both tree and distance based techniques - we report between 76 and 99 species-like clusters, i.e. between 20% and 33% of a priori identified taxonomic species were represented by more than one mtDNA lineage. There was a high degree of congruence between clusters, with 60% supported by three or four methods. Pacus of the genus Myloplus exhibited the most intraspecific variation, with six of the 13 species sampled found to have multiple lineages. Conversely, piranhas of the Serrasalmus rhombeus group proved difficult to delimit with these methods due to genetic similarity and polyphyly. Overall, our results recognise substantially underestimated diversity in the serrasalmids, and emphasise the Guiana and Brazilian Shield rivers as biogeographically important areas with multiple cases of across-shield and within-shield diversifications. We additionally highlight the distinctiveness and complex phylogeographic history of rheophilic taxa in particular, and suggest multiple colonisations of these habitats by different serrasalmid lineages. © 2018 The Author(s).
metadata.dc.identifier.doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26550-x
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