Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/17948
Title: Arthropod Predation by a Specialist Seed Predator, the Golden-backed Uacari (Cacajao melanocephalus ouakary, Pitheciidae) in Brazilian Amazonia
Authors: Barnett, Adrian Ashton
Ronchi-Teles, Beatriz
Almeida, Thais
Deveny, Adrian J.
Schiel-Baracuhy, V.
Souza-Silva, W.
Spironello, Wilson Roberto
Ross, Caroline
MacLarnon, Ann M.
Keywords: Adaptation
Arthropod
Food Availability
Food Processing
Insectivory
Morphology
Neotropical Region
Primate
Seed Predation
Specialist
Amazonas
Jau National Park
Araneae
Arthropoda
Cacajao Melanocephalus
Caelifera
Coleoptera
Ephemeroptera
Formicidae
Fulgoridae
Invertebrata
Isoptera
Lepidoptera
Pitheciidae
Primates
Scorpiones
Uropygi
Issue Date: 2013
metadata.dc.publisher.journal: International Journal of Primatology
metadata.dc.relation.ispartof: Volume 34, Número 3, Pags. 470-485
Abstract: Morphological adaptations related to food processing generally reflect those elements of the diet that represent the greatest biomechanical challenge or that numerically dominate the diet. However, in periods of the annual cycle when the availability of such foods is low, items to which a species has low apparent morphological adaptation may be included in the diet. Here we test the responses of a diet-specialist primate to limitations in the supply of the resource it is specialized to exploit. Uacaris are primarily predators of immature seeds, in seasonally flooded forests in Amazonian Brazil, and have dental specializations to open hard-shelled fruits. We investigated the importance of arthropods in the diet of golden-backed uacaris (Cacajao melanocephalus ouakary), examining their seasonal importance in the uacari diet, and the ways C. m. ouakary used to access them. Using scan and ad libitum sampling of feeding and phenology from botanical study plots to assess fruit availability, we conducted an 18-mo study in Jaú National Park, Amazonas State, Brazil. We recorded arthropod predation 298 times, with Cacajao melanocephalus ouakary feeding on 26 invertebrate taxa in ≥11 families and 9 different orders. Uacaris extracted wood-boring beetles dentally from rotting wood and smaller larvae from twigs, stems, and petioles, but this food class did not predominate. This food class (encapsulated foods) constituted 23.4 % of the arthropod records. The majority of arthropod food items were either manually removed from substrates (ants, beetle larvae, caterpillars, fulgorid bugs, grasshoppers, mayflies, spiders, termites, wasps, and a whip-scorpion) or plucked from the air (volant Lepidoptera). Uacaris appeared to avoid toxic caterpillars. Insectivory was most frequent when fruit and seeds were least available. Arthropods seem to be seasonally important to this primate, supplementing or making up for shortfalls in the hard fruits and immature seeds for which uacaris have highly developed dental, and possibly intestinal, adaptations. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York.
metadata.dc.identifier.doi: 10.1007/s10764-013-9673-0
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