Use este identificador para citar ou linkar para este item: https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/19965
Título: The changing Amazon forest
Autor: Phillips, Oliver L.
Lewis, Simon L.
Baker, Timothy R.
Chao, Kuo Jung
Higuchi, Niro
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity
Carbon Sink
Deforestation
Environmental Monitoring
Forest Ecosystem
Global Climate
Growth Rate
Growth Response
Macroecology
Mortality
Neotropical Region
Old-growth Forest
Phytomass
Rainforest
Soil Carbon
Twentieth Century
Amazonia
South America
Data do documento: 2008
Editor: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
É parte de: Volume 363, Número 1498, Pags. 1819-1827
Abstract: Long-term monitoring of distributed, multiple plots is the key to quantify macroecological patterns and changes. Here we examine the evidence for concerted changes in the structure, dynamics and composition of old-growth Amazonian forests in the late twentieth century. In the 1980s and 1990s, mature forests gained biomass and underwent accelerated growth and dynamics, all consistent with a widespread, long-acting stimulation of growth. Because growth on average exceeded mortality, intact Amazonian forests have been a carbon sink. In the late twentieth century, biomass of trees of more than 10cm diameter increased by 0.62±0.23 t C ha-1yr-1 averaged across the basin. This implies a carbon sink in Neotropical old-growth forest of at least 0.49±0.18 Pg C yr-1. If other biomass and necromass components are also increased proportionally, then the old-growth forest sink here has been 0.79±0.29 Pg C yr-1, even before allowing for any gains in soil carbon stocks. This is approximately equal to the carbon emissions to the atmosphere by Amazon deforestation. There is also evidence for recent changes in Amazon biodiversity. In the future, the growth response of remaining old-growth mature Amazon forests will saturate, and these ecosystems may switch from sink to source driven by higher respiration (temperature), higher mortality (as outputs equilibrate to the growth inputs and periodic drought) or compositional change (disturbances). Any switch from carbon sink to source would have profound implications for global climate, biodiversity and human welfare, while the documented acceleration of tree growth and mortality may already be affecting the interactions among millions of species. © 2008 The Royal Society.
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2007.0033
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