Solanaceae Amazônicas: Padrões De Distribuição, Riqueza E Endemismo

Abstract

Solanaceae are economically important plants distributed in a variety of environments and their knowledge in the Amazon basin is limited, especially on the distribution and environmental characteristics in which they are distributed. We created a database for the group to provide a checklist of species occurring in the Amazon basin and the environmental characteristics that are associated with their distribution, together with an analysis of sampling bias, preliminary conservation status for endemic species and environmental phylogenetic signal testing. For this, different sources of online data on the occurrence of the species were gathered and a single database was assembled, which underwent corrections and data checking to carry out the analyses. The Solanaceae family is represented in the Amazon basin by 253 native species distributed in 23 genera, of which 90 are endemic, in addition to 2 naturalized and 22 cultivated species. The highest peaks of species richness are associated to access routes and no strong environmental signal was found among the main Solanaceae clades, of the genus Solanum or among Brunfelsia species. Nevertheless, it was possible to characterize the intervals of climatic, soil and vegetation variables related to species and clades distributions.