Sustentabilidade de Extração, Produção e Características Químicas do óleo-resina de Copaíba (Copaifera multijuga Hayne), Manaus-AM

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the ecological sustainability of oilresin extraction from the of Copaifera multijuga Hayne and the factors that may influence its production and chemical composition. 43 copaíba seed trees were selected at the Forest Reserve Adolpho Ducke in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil (2° 57 ' 43'' South and 59° 55 ' 38 '' West) using as selection criteria trees without perforation for oilresin extraction and with DAP ≥ 30 cm. Oilresin production after the first extraction was observed. Chemical analyses (qualitative) of the oilresin, using the chromatography method in gaseous phase were carried out. The productivity and chemical composition of oilresin in relation to the soil type, seasonality and phytossanitarian conditions of seed trees were evaluated. The productivity was also evaluated in relation to rest interval, DBH and competition intensity. It was verified that trees with DBH < 40,9 cm recovered 100% of the initial production, while trees with DAP ≥ 40,9 cm recovered only 28%. 91% of the oilresin are constituted by sesquiterpene hidrocarbons, but chemical composition was not influenced by the analyzed factors. The production showed positive correlation with DBH, relative dominance of the seed trees, but being no significative for clay content. There was little variation in the production with seasonality being no significant. The production experienced influence of the phytossanitarian conditions of seed trees. In spite of presenting larger initial production, trees with DBH ≥ 40,9 showed replacement much slower than trees with DBH < 40,9 cm, although it is necessary to check this pattern.