Descrição da pesca com redinha e escolhedeira na área do ayapuá, rds piagaçu-purus, rio purus, amazonas.

Abstract

In the Amazon region, fishermen are using the escolhedeira and/or catadeira, a net aiming to select fish of different size class caught by redinha, an Amazonian purse seine. The objective of this study was to describe fishing with the redinha and escolhedeira. This study was carried out in the Ayapuá lake in the low stretch of Purus River, in fishing boats, which were using redinha and escolhedeira. Fishing boats that use escolhedeira have a capacity of storage between 5 and 50 tons. The fishing team is composed by 8 to 15 fishermen, each one with one or more functions. Two kind of escolhedeira exist: one for pacu (Mylossoma spp) fisheries with meshes of 120 to 140mm between opposite knots; and a second one for jaraqui (Semaprochilodus spp) with meshes between 90 and 110mm, which can be also used for curimatã (Prochilodus nigricans). Two ways to use the escolhedeira were observed: passing it above the redinha or sewing it to the redinha. The F-test (F = 1,48; p = 0,090) indicated that the variances of the fish caught with escolhedeira and the ones that escape from it were homogenous. The t-test (p =10-8) showed a difference between the fishes caught and the ones who escaped from escolhedeira. We conclude that the use of this kind of net with the redinha could minimize the impact of fishery on jaraqui and pacu stocks. However, it is important to stand out the traditional knowledge represented by the encarregado, who can decide whether the use of the escolhedeira is necessary or not.