Resposta da avifauna a um gradiente de intensidade de corte seletivo de árvores nativas em florestas amazônicas

Abstract

The Amazon landscape is changing rapidly in recent decades due to human activities. The selective logging represents an economical alternative interesting and occurs on a large scale throughout the basin. Despite being relatively known the effects of selective logging on wildlife, no studies have evaluated the response of avifauna the intensity of logging. This study evaluates the response of the bird community to a gradient of intensity from 0 until 600 m3 considering cutting trees in two ages after logging. The study was conducted in the Jari River, AP, the largest area of certified forest exploitation in the world (> 500.000ha). There were 50 plots of 10 ha in two areas with different ages (1 to 5 years) after cutting; in each plot were positioned 3 point counts visited 4 times in consecutive two days. A richness and abundance of species was higher in the area with 5 years after the logging, but did not have differences in diversity Simpson. Volume and density did not affect the abundance. And the clay negatively affected the abundance and richness. The plateau with 5 years had higher abundance and more species highly sensitive to disturbance. The answers were varied guilds of the different operating and environmental variables tested. Our data demonstrate that even in a low-impact activity of selective logging, where roads are planned, Brazilian legislation and guidelines for more sustainable forest certification (FSC) are respected, could not recover in five years the structure and composition of the original community.