Sistemática filogenética da tribo neotropical Optatini Champion, 1907 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Baridinae)

Abstract

The tribu Optatini Champion, 1907 is composed of small to large-sized (2,3- 18,3 mm) weevils beetles, characterized by to have: rhomboidal or suboval body, covered with scales variegated, nearly everywhere of the body or forming points and spots; the mandibles toothed on the their inner edge; the prostern generally strongly grooved down the middle, and with absent prosternal spine in the male; the anterior coxae contiguos to broadly separated; the femora sharply dentate or denticulate; the tibiae dentate ucinate; the tarsal claws generally united on base. The genera of this tribe are associated with the botanical genera Annona L. (Annocaceae) and Pentagonia Bentham (Rubiaceae). The geographical distribuition of the group is little know, and it is restricted to Neotropical region (México, Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica, Panamá, Colômbia, Venezuela, Trinidade and Tobago, Guiana Francesa, Brasil, Equador, Peru, Bolívia and Argentina). The redescription and the phylogenetic of the genera of Optatini are presented based on new characters discovered during the study, and on others already found in the literature. Eleven genera were redescribed: Costovia Casey, 1922, Lydamis Pascoe, 1889, Pardisomus Pascoe, 1889, Pseudoptatus Champion, 1907, Tripestes Casey, 1922, Pistus Faust, 1894, Sympages Pascoe, 1889, Eurypages Pascoe, 1872, Telemus Pascoe, 1889, Macroptatus Heller, 1906, and Optatus Pascoe, 1889. Only Parasyprestia were not redescribed. All the twelve genera can be identified by key provided. All the descriptions include illustrations to make easy the identification. Lectotypes are designated to species Costovia brunnea, Lydamis conicicollis, L. semiluctuosus, Pardisomus geniculatus, P. multiguttatus, P. rufescens, Pseudoptatus morio e Pistus niveus. New dates about geographical distribuition are provided, being Lydamis reported for the first time from the Provincie of Guanacaste (Costa Rica), Rondônia, Mato Grosso Sul, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Santa Catarina States (Brazil), Archinamiza (Peru), Department of Beni (Bolívia); Pardisomus from Nouveau Chantier (French Guiana), Province of Pastaza (Equador); Pistus from Espírito Santo (Brazil), Pichincha (Equador), Lima and Madre de Dios (Peru), La Paz (Bolivia); Sympages from Guanacaste (Costa Rica); Eurypages to Tocantins and Goiás (Brazil); Telemus from French Guiana, Pará, Bahia, Goiás, Distrito Federal, Minas Gerais, Espiríto Santo, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil), Department of Paraguari (Paraguai); Macroptatus to Guanacaste (Costa Rica); Optatus from the Department of Jalisco (Mexico), Quiché and Baja Vera Paz Departmentes (Guatemala), Guanacaste and Heredia (Costa Rica). The cladistic analysis, based on 45 characters, found not support to monophyly of Optatini, resulted that Optatini is a group comprising six branch (the genera Costovia, Lydamis, Pardisomus and Pseudoptatus, and the branch Sympages and Eurypages).