Diversidade de espécies de anastrepha schiner, 1868 (diptera: tephritidae) no município de Caxias e no parque estadual do mirador, Maranhão, Brasil

Abstract

Anastrepha Schiner is the most diverse genus of fruit flies in the tropics and subtropics of the Americas, with over 250 described species. Brazil is currently the country with the largest number of species (112 species). Eight species of Anastrepha are considered pests in Brazil and are of economic importance in many brazilian regions. In spite of their importance, a lot of species are still undescribed. In the state of Maranhão there are only 16 known species, which reflects how little it is known about the genus in that state. Specimens from the Zoological Collection of Maranhão (CZMA) were examined in order to assess the diversity of Anastrepha species in the city of Caxias and in the Mirador State Park, both in Maranhão. A faunal analysis was performed with Caxias specimens collected in the period from 2005 to 2006 and parameters of frequency, dominance, Simpson's diversity index, Shannon-Weanner and modified Hill index were estimated. In the Mirador State Park, surveys were done from 2007 to 2009, without faunal analysis. A total of 1207 specimens from 25 species of Anastrepha were obtained for both areas, of which three species are probably new to science. In Caxias 208 specimens from 15 species were collected, with A. obliqua, A. zenildae and A. striata being the dominant species. Anastrepha obliqua was more frequent (56.7%) in relation to the total of females collected, followed by A. zenildae with 15.8%, A. striata 12.9%, A. serpentina 4.3%, A. sororcula 2.4% and A. dissimilis 2%. The remaining species collected presented frequency values below 2%. Anastrepha daciformis, A. alveata, A. montei, A. binodosa and A. bistrigata are new records for the state of Maranhão, the latter two species are also the first records in the Northeast region.