Relações vetor-hospedeiro de Rhodnius brethesi Matta, 1919 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae), em piaçabais do médio rio Negro, Amazonas, Brasil

Abstract

Rhodnius brethesi Matta, 1919 is among the species of Triatominae Amazon with great epidemiological importance, especially in regions of middle and upper Rio Negro, due to been vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas, 1909 and Trypanosoma rangeli Tejera, 1920. R. brethesi are associated with palm Leopoldinia piassaba Wallace, which represents an important source of income for the inhabitants of those regions. With the aim of identify the hemoparasites in R. brethesi and associated herpetofauna with palm tree piassaba the middle Rio Negro, were made two expedition to collect R. brethesi; were used Noireau traps, CDC, sheet illuminated with light mixed mercury and tungsten and active search with dissection of palm trees, were analyzed the salivary glands, hemolymph and gut contents of 103 R. brethesi. The associated fauna was recorded by means of digital photos with manual capture for blood collection and research of its parasites. For the associated herpetofauna were found only representatives of the order Squamata, five species: Thecadactylus rapicauda (Houttuyn, 1782); Gonatodes humeralis (Guichenot, 1855); Anolis nitens (Wagler, 1830); Leptodeira annulata (Linnaeus, 1758), Bothrops atrox (Linnaeus, 1758). And for the hemoparasites of herpetofauna, were found microfilariae and plasmodia, but it was not possible to establish the vector-host relation with R. brethesi caught in the same environment. Nymphs and adults, the positive rates of T. rangeli in the hemolymph was 1.9%, salivary glands 0.9%, were not found trypanosome in the gut contents; were found to hemogregarines rates of 3.8% in the hemolymph, 3.8% in the intestine and 2.9% in the salivary gland. The meal of nymphs in reptiles represented levels close to 50%. These results show that the reptiles fauna consists of a blood source also required for the development of R. brethesi, which would explain the low rates of parasite positivity found for T. rangeli in these triatomines.