Plantas alimentícias em comunidades agrícolas no município de Rio Preto da Eva-AM

Abstract

Many wild, spontaneous and other plants managed by traditional populations and /or family farmers have their potential food underutilized and / or unknown by most urban and / or rural populations. In Brazil and specifically in the municipality of Rio Preto da Eva, State of Amazonas studies with food plants are scarce. The work sought to catalog the conventional food plants and those of unconventional uses, in the Viva Bem, Novo Horizonte and Castelão communities. We sought to verify the existence of a correlation between the number of plants cited and the categories age, length of residence in the community and schooling of the farmers, as well as to verify the consensus of use of food plants, and to identify unconventional food plants and those with Unconventional uses in the three communities investigated. For this, 108 interviews were conducted between husband and wife of each family of farmers. The socioeconomic data collected were: sex, age, number of children, education, length of residence in the community, main activity, place of sale of production and monthly income. The botanical and ethnobotanical data were: vernacular name, habit, environment of occurrence, form of use, part used, time of availability and form of propagation. The information was collected through the technique of the free list, non- specific induction, semistructured interview, followed by the guided tour. The circumscription of the families followed APG IV and the identifications were made from the specific literature. The correlation analysis with the use of Regression in Excel showed that the longer the residence time in the community, the greater the number of plants cited by the informants. The CUPc explained that 9 species presented agreement of main use above 50%, and the Inga edulis Mart. Appears with the highest percentage of CUPc with 89%, followed by Euterpe oleracea Mart. with 84% and Anacardium occidentale L. with 59.17%. With the help of the specialized literature, 52 unconventional food plants (PANC) and 5 of unconventional uses were identified. With this, it was possible to conclude that there is a tendency to increase the number of plants cited, the longer the residence time in the community, the lower the schooling and the greater the age of the informants. Few species presented CUPc above 50%, especially Inga edulis Mart. Unconventional food plants and those of unconventional uses are present in the three communities investigated.