Variabilidade espaço-temporal das concentrações de ozônio e monóxido de carbono durante anos extremos de secas na Amazônia

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the estimates of ozone and carbon monoxide concentrations over the Amazon for the period 2003 to 2016, in order to analyze the spatio temporal variability of carbon monoxide and ozone, particularly over the years. in which extreme droughts occurred (2005, 2010, 2015). For gas concentration analysis, gas concentration estimates obtained from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) sensor aboard the AQUA satellite, available from the Goddard Earth Sciences Information and Data Services Center (DISC) on the portal, were used. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to evaluate seasonal variation and spatial distribution of the standardized CO and O3 anomaly field for the driest (JASO) and wettest months (NDJFM) during the years that occurred extreme droughts (2005, 2010 and 2015). In addition, data from burn outbreaks extracted from the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) and precipitation data from the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCC) provided by NOAA /OAR / ESRL PSD were used. To analyze spatial patterns of standardized anomaly of burning and precipitation foci in years of extreme drought. The concentrations of the gases under study showed a similar seasonal variation in their monthly average concentrations, with the lowest CO and O3 values occurring in the first half of the year, showing a gradual increase fromJune and peaks in September andOctober. The highest concentration from September to October is associated with the highest concentration of fires in the region occurring during this period. Given this, the results indicate that intense droughts favor the increase of burning activities.In 2015, for example, drought lasted from the dry to wet season, affecting the central Amazon region during the dry to wet transition season, which was marked by positive anomalies of outbreaks in the region. These results indicate that interannual climate variability modulates the occurrence of burning in the Amazon, which in turn impacts interannual CO variability and, consequently, O3 concentrations, especially in years of intense drought. From this study it will be possible to better understand the relationships and variations between ozone and carbon monoxide concentrations over the Amazon in extreme drought years, which may help research groups that work with satellite and surface data assimilation. air quality models, improving the representation of physical and chemical processes that occur in the atmosphere over the Amazon drought extreme years. In addition to scientific interest, studies on trace and greenhouse gas emissions need to be expanded to adopt public policies that reduce burning.