Estudo do impacto da ampliação da usina termoelétrica de Mauá nas concentrações de Ozônio, CO e material particulado sobre as cidades de Manaus, Iranduba e Manacapuru, utilizando o WRF-CHEM.

Abstract

This master's work aimed to evaluate the impact of the installation of the Mauá 3 thermal power plant on CO, O3, MP2.5 and MP10 concentrations, performing the comparative analysis between two simulated rounds. The first simulated round considered as an emission scenario the mix of fuel oil, diesel and natural gas used in 2014 for electricity production, used by thermoelectric plants without the presence of the Mauá 3 plant, where 65% of the energy was generated. natural gas and the remaining 35% in oil or diesel that year (ELETROBRAS, personal communication, 2014). Subsequently a second round under the same conditions, but with the addition of the Mauá 3 plant, located in the Mauá thermoelectric complex, as generating power, 328 MW were added, resulting from the burning of natural gas. The analysis was simulated using the WRF-CHEM with data obtained from the GoAmazon2014/5 intensive IOP1 campaign, held from February 1 to March 31, 2014 in the rainy season. The period chosen for data analysis was March 2014. Data analyzes were performed on the surface for the Manaus region. It also delimited three subregions of study, which represent the wind areas below Manaus, in the municipalities of Iranduba and Manacapuru, besides the Amazonian capital. Data were analyzed within the range of the photochemical window, which according to CONAMA Resolution No. 491/2018 for CO and O3 gases should consider the 8-hour interval, beginning at 9:00 hrs. at 16:00 hrs. local, or 1:00 pm at 20:00 hrs. in UTC. For the analysis of particulate matter MP2.5 and MP10, the entire 24-hour interval was used. The analyzes were made by means of monthly average fields, difference of monthly average fields between the rounds and cash diagram of CO and O3 gases for each study region. The results show that the significant increase in the new thermoelectric power plant caused smaller increases in pollutant concentrations, compared to the concentrations already found in the previous scenario. It was observed that the impact was local, located in the thermoelectric plant region. Analyzing the city of Manaus individually, ozone decreased by 1.71% in the concentration of the second round with the Mauá 3 plant in relation to the round without the plant and in the region of the plant location there was a maximum decrease of 39.6%. of the concentration of ozone formed. For CO gas was found an increase over the area of Manaus municipality of 0.90% in concentration. At the location of the Mauá 3 plant there was a maximum increase of 75% in the carbon monoxide concentration. For fine particulate matter, the average increase was 12.5% consecutively, while for coarse particulate matter, the average increase was 11.36% between the two rounds. Thus, from this study it will be possible to better understand the relationships between gas emissions generated by thermal power plants and the pollution plume in the rainy season over the Amazon. In addition to the scientific interest, studies on tropospheric ozone, nitrogen oxides and particulate materials are expanded to adopt public policies aimed at maintaining the rate allowed by the main environmental agencies, and thus improving air quality.