Artrópodes associados a ninhos de Cacicus sp. e Psarocolius sp. (Passeriformes: Emberezidae: Icterinae) em áreas de várzea próximas a confluência dos rios Negro e Solimões, no período da cheia, na Amazonia Central, Brasil

Abstract

Arthropods were extracted from 18 Icterinae nests, collected in lowland areas of Central Amazonia (IrandubaIAM), of which nine were from four colonies of Cacicus and nine were from five Psarocolius colonies. We obtained 15,128 individuals, distributed in four classes and 16 orders: 11,596 Hexapoda [Blattaria, Coleoptera, Collembola, Diptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Isoptera, Lepidoptera, Psocoptera and Thysanoptera], 3,518 Arachnida [Acari, Araneae and Pseudoscorpiones] , 13 Diplopoda [Polydesmida and Polyxenida] and 1 Chilopoda [Geophilomorpha]. Of these, 6,969 (46.07%) were from Cacicus nests and 8,159 (53.93%) were from Psarocolius nests. The largest number of arthropods in Cacicus nest was 2 260 individuals and the smallest number was 252 individuals. the largest number of arthropods in Psarocolius nest was 2 358 individuals and the smallest number was 191 individuals. The groups with the highest number of individuals were Psocoptera (6,588 - 43.54%), Acari (3,282 - 21.69%), Coleoptera (2,457 - 16.24%) and Hymenoptera (637 - 4.21%) . Coleoptera was the order with the highest number of families (21 out of a total of 59 identified at this level). The families with the highest number of individuals were Staphylinidae [Coleoptera] (690), Phloeothripidae [Thysanoptera] (613), Tenebrionidae [Coleoptera] (61 0) and Formicidae [Hymenoptera] (567). Phloeothripidae occurred in all nests. Corylophidae [Coleoptera] and Formicidae occurred in 17 of the 18 nests. Staphylinidae, Tenebrionidae, Formicidae and Blattellidae [Blattaria] occurred in 15 of the 18 nests. Schultesia lampyridiformis [Blattaria: Blaberidae] occurred in five Psarocolius nests. Parachernes spp. [Pseudoscorpiones] were associated with six Psarocolius nests and three Cacicus nests. Noctuidae larvae occurred in seven Cacicus nests and two Psarocolius nests. It was also verified the maximum time necessary for the nests to remain, for the extraction of arthropods, in an extraction apparatus based on the Berlese funnel method. The innovation of this apparatus was the volume of the funnel (about 20 liters), sufficient to accommodate an entire nest of Psarocolius. The nests remained in the apparatus for 30 days, and the collection flasks were changed on days 4, 8, I I, 14, 17, 20, 24, 27 and 30 of exposure. All arthropods recovered were extracted from Cacicus nests until the 14th day and from Psarocolius nests until the 24th day. A brief summary of observations on Cacicus' natural history and beliefs popular information about this bird is included.