Taxonomia e anatomia foliar de Myristicaceae R. Br. na Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Tupé, Manaus – AM e análise morfométrica do complexo Virola sebifera

Abstract

Myristicaceae consists of about 500 species distributed in 21 genus of shrubs, sub-shrubs and canopy trees distributed throughout the world's tropical rainforest range, presents dioecy in most of its species making it difficult to collect complete reproductive material. In general, the vegetative characters are not sufficient for the recognition of the species, needing the reproductive ones, making the correct identification more difficult. In this way, this study carried out the taxonomic treatment of Myristicaceae species occurring in the Tupé’s Sustainable Development Reserve - Manaus / Am, in order to identify and describe in detail the external and internal morphology of Myristicaceae species, along with the study of the vegetative and reproductive variation of a species with a wide geographic distribution: Virola sebifera. In Tupé, the most representative genus was Iryanthera Warb. (9 species), followed by Virola Aublet. (4 species). Compsoneura and Osteophloeum were recorded with only 1 species each. As to the anatomical characters, it was possible to emphasize the number of vascular bundles and the presence of accessory bundles in the petiole, the position of the stomata in relation to the epidermis line, the number of layers of palisade parenchyma and the presence of trichomes, besides the number of vascular bundles and the arrangement of the sclerenchyma fibers in the mid rib as informatives for the family. Virola sebifera showed that correlations between vegetative and reproductive traits were not significant, suggesting that, for floral and leaf traits, the variation measured is disjoint. The Berg pleiades correlation hypothesis predicts that specific dynamics of pollinators should reflect on the conservation of floral morphology and in the disjoint variation between reproductive and vegetative characteristics. Although this study does not provide evidence of how V. sebifera pollinators can vary along the species distribution, our results support the Berg hypothesis.