Malária no Tocantins (TO): fatores entomológicos envolvidos na dinâmica de transmissão nos municípios de Caseara e Marianópolis doTocantins

Abstract

The existence of environmentally altered areas with intense malaria transmission in the Brazilian Amazonian is an important public health problem, with impacts in neighboring areas and also the rest of the country. Human migration to and from the State of Tocantins, associated with inhabited areas with a high density of malaria vectors, are factors which favor the reintroduction and spread of the malaiia. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the species composition of the anophelene fauna and entomological parameters involved in transmission dynamics, relevant to the control campaign in the districts of Caseara and Marianópolis do Tocantins - TO. Biting activity, endophilic and exophilic behavior, anthropophilic and zoophilic indices and correlations with environmental variables and case notifications of malaria were evaluated. The epidemiological data evidence that show that Anopheles darlingi maintains human contact throughout the year. Peak biting activity by A. darlingi occurred between 18-20 hours and between 06-07 hours, with less but th continuous activity throughout the night. A. darlingi showed the highest degree of exophilic and anthropophilic behãvior where as the other species of Anopheles collected were strongly exophilic and zoophilic. According to epidemiological data from the districts studied, men are more exposed than women to malaria. Taking in account the standard of occurrence of Anopheles and the high frequency of A. darlingi in the studied area, these data denote high vulnerability of the region to would malaria, indicating that the system of monitoring of the malaria must keep a continuous activity, to contain possible outbreaks.