Anatomia foliar de dez espécies de Tovomita Aubl. (Clusiaceae) em diferentes domínios fitogeográficos

Abstract

Tovomita is the second largest Neotropical genus of Clusiaceae (Clusieae tribe), there are 56 species distributed from the islands of Central America up to Southeast Brazil, with the center of diversity in the Amazon. Studies provided important information about the macromorphological knowledge of the group, especially regarding leaf veins. However, the genus still needs information on micromorphological data. The leaf architecture combined with the anatomical data allows the identification and delimitation of Tovomita species. Cross-sectional anatomical sections of the midvein and petiole were made in ten species from the Amazon and Atlantic Forest. Leaf samples from the slides were included for Paraplast ethylic processing for further preparation and registration of slides for ethylic processing. Fragments of the central vein of the specimens were contracted for analysis in SEM. Some anatomical features are frequent in Tovomita species, such as the conformation of the vascular bundles in the form of an arc- shaped with projections in the median portion of the petioles, the presence of extensive sclerenchymatic fibers around the vascular system of the midvein and the presence of idioblasts. In the dorsiventral mesophyll, the palisade and spongy parenchyma present juxtaposed and braciform cells, respectively, with variable number of layers in most species. The results are more differentiating than qualitative, highlighting the presence and importance of central crystalline and secretory idioblasts (drusen) and differences in cuticle thickness. Even so, it is worth pointing out, the presence of architectures different from the vascular ones in the central ura and part of the people thought. These are important for the presence of nature and ecological species that the diversity of water barrier function and the presence of uses indicate the water environment and the presence of ecological environments for the environmental and environmental processes of the plant. The anatomical data collected denote important taxonomic and ecological aspects for the Tovomita species studied, incorporating new knowledge to the group.