Influência da calagem, adubação orgânica e mineral no crescimento inicial de pau-rosa (Aniba Rosaeodora Ducke) em um latossolo amarelo da Amazônia Central

Abstract

The establishment of new areas planted with rosewood can contribute to the preservation of the natural population of these individuals, however, the lack of information related to soil fertility management, fertilization and nutrition of rosewood has been one of the main stumbling blocks in the development of this production chain. A field experiment was therefore carried out to assess the effects of liming, chicken manure and mineral fertilization on soil chemical properties, leaf nutrient concentrations and the initial development of rosewood (Aniba rosaeodora) in a dystrophic yellow latosol. The study was conducted in a randomized block design with five treatments (T1 - control, T2 - liming, T3 - liming and mineral fertilization, T4 - chicken manure liming, and T5 - liming, chicken manure and mineral fertilization) and four replications. Growth variables (plant height, collar diameter and number of fully expanded leaves), macro and micronutrient concentrations in the leaves and soil chemical attributes were assessed. It was observed that liming alone and/or combined with mineral fertilization and chicken manure increased the pH values, reduced the levels of exchangeable aluminum (Al³+) and potential acidity (H + Al) of the soil in the treatments, compared to the control (T1). In treatments T4 and T5, the levels of P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn and Mn were higher. With regard to plant nutrition, the concentrations of P and Ca were higher in the complete treatment (T5), while the highest concentrations of K and Mg were observed in treatments T3 and T2, respectively. The use of fertilizers did not provide significant gains in the growth of Aniba rosaeodora plants over 24 months of evaluation. Therefore, liming and fertilization improved the chemical characteristics of the soil and increased the concentration of nutrients in the leaf tissue. However, plant growth was little influenced by the effect of the treatments, which indicates the species' low responsiveness to fertilization in the initial growth phase.