Informações essenciais à elaboração e gestão do Plano de Manejo da Floresta Nacional de Anauá em Roraima, Brasil

Abstract

The Amazon forest in the extreme north of Brazil, south of Roraima, presents a rich diversity of flora species immersed in a mosaic of forest phytophysiognomies in white sand hydromorphic soils. The objective of this study was to provide information for the elaboration of Management Plan for the National Forest (Flona) of Anauá in Roraima by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio). Created in 2005, Flona of Anauá has approximately 260 thousand hectares influenced by the rivers Anauá, Itapará, Jaburu, Jauaperi and several tributaries of the Rio Branco Basin. The IF in 30 ha totaled 14,730 trees (491 ± 15 trees ha -1 ) with DBH > 10 cm, distributed in 55 families, 184 genera and 385 morphospecies. The forest phytophysiognomies of this conservation unit were delimited with substantial precision by supervised classification pixel by pixel (Maximum Likelihood: Overall: 77%; Kappa: 75%; CI 95% : 74 ± 7%) from Landsat-8 (OLI) in the visible, near and medium infrared range (0.45-1.65 μm). With approximately 72% of its forest cover occupied by Dense Ombrophylous Forest and Forested Campinarana has great potential for forest management. However, the lack of Management Plan threatens the potential of its forest resources and environmental services in the face of increasing greenhouse gases emissions from deforestation, forest degradation and forest fires in the south of Roraima, with a loss of carbon in the order of 571,128 ± 30,777 Mg in 43 km2 during the period of 10/2015 to 01/2017.