Produtos florestais não madeireiros: aráceas epifíticas da reserva extrativista auatí-paraná

Abstract

This study deals with non-timber forest products, describing the floristic epiphytic aroid of land terra firme forest, Alto Solimões region, Fonte Boa municipality, Amazonas state, located in the Extractive Reserve Auatí-Paraná, 02º 30 50,4 W e 66º 05 31,2 S. The climate is tropical, characterized to be constantly wet. Inventory floristic of tree and aroid was carried out in 9 plots of 20 x 250 meters, arranged in transects on 3 ecosystems forest (communities) in an environment of "várzea" and "terra firme". In these blocks, trees with DBH ≥ 10 cm were observed of which botanical samples for identification were obtained. Inventories of all individuals aroid on the trees, has been done, establishment height and stage of development botanical samples for identification were obtained as well. The floristic composition in 2.25 hectares (várzea and terra firme) indicated of 533 individuals of epiphytic aroid divided into six genera and 26 species. The genus Philodendron was the richest of genera with sixteen species followed by Anthurium with four, Allochesmone and Heteropsis with two for each, Rhodospatha and Syngonium with one species. The trees families with the highest number of phorophytes were Myristicaceae (221), Lecythidaceae (109) and Sapotaceae (80), hosted by aroids. In relative terms, the majority of aroids species in Resex AP occupies trees with DBH between 40 cm and 70 cm, the lower classes have higher absolute occurrence. Aroid positions ranging from 0.5 m to 22.0 m in height phorophyte, and most of the individuals (65.7%) were recorded occupying the top of the subcanopy forest (2.5 to 8.9 m). We found 19.4% of the individuals in sub-canopy level (0 to 2.4 meters), 14.7% in the higher strata (> 9 m). For the first time in the Amazonas state of Heteropsis peruviana K. Krause and Syngonium yurimaguense Engl. Were recorded. The two species of the genus Allochesmone were found in this work, and A. inopinata Bogner & PC. Boyce species is the first record in the Alto Rio Solimões region. It is possible that have been found two new species of the genus Philodendron.