Produção de mudas de laranjeira pêra (Citrus sinensis L.) em diferentes porta-enxerto e substratos

Abstract

In this study we evaluated the production of seedlings of orange trees [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] grafted on 6 (six) rootstocks and 5 (five) different substrates. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in the Coordenação de Pesquisas em Ciências Agronômicas (CPCA) of the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Amazônicas (INPA) in Manaus, AM, from May 2009 to June 2010. The experimental design was completely randomized factorial 6 X 5, where: 6 rootstocks (Rangpur Lime Santa Cruz '(Citrus limon L. Osbeck), tangerine trees' Sunki common' and 'Sunki Tropical' ( Citrus reticulata Blanco), mandarin hybrids Sunki x trifoliate orange Swingle 314 ',' English 264 'and' English 256 '), 5 mixture composition of substrates in the following proportion studied: 1) Anthropogenic Dark Earth is classified as Typic The Anthropic Yellow (100%), 2) Anthropogenic Dark Earth (50%) + cattle manure (50%) 3) Anthropogenic Dark Earth (33%) + cattle manure (33%) + tanned sawdust (33% ) 4) Anthropogenic Dark Earth (33%) + cattle manure (33%) + pine bark (33%), 5) Anthropogenic Dark Earth (33%) + cattle manure (33%) + Coir ( 33%). The seedlings were grown in polyethylene bags with a capacity of 2.5 liters. The evaluations were conducted in three stages: a) evaluation of the vegetative growth of rootstocks on different substrates, b) evaluation of fixation and growth of orange trees grafted on different rootstocks and subjected to different substrates c) evaluate the performance of vegetative changes from orange after 360 days. The analysis results showed that the rootstock Rangpur and hybrids (256, 264 and 314) that showed higher vegetative growth. In the evaluation of fixation and growth of the graft tangerines 'Sunki Tropical and Common', in general, provided good results to the graft. After 360 days all plants were ready for marketing by the minimum height requirement. The compositions of substrates 2, 4 and 5 provide superior results over the whole experiment, for the six rootstocks studied.