Manejo e a qualidade de sementes crioulas em comunidades de várzea no médio Solimões, Amazonas

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the conservation strategies and physiological quality of managed native seeds in floodplain of the Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserves and Amanã communities in the Middle Solimões, Amazon. The diversity of species grown with native seeds and the socioeconomic profile of farmers was evidenced by ethnographic research methods, contributing to discussions on the peculiarities of Amazonian farming systems. The physiological quality of 26 sub-samples, of six landrace species was evaluated by germination and vigor tests (germination and emergence speed index, first germination count and seedling emergence test). The samples were obtained from a stored production from 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 of five floodplain communities. It was found that 54% of the accesses were committed, not reaching the minimum values of reference of the Ministry of Agriculture, demonstrating the low physiological quality of the seeds. Microbiological tests identified the presence of fungi of the genus Penicillium ssp., Aspergillus ssp. e Fusarium ssp. as phytopathogens of agronomic importance that contributed to the low vigor of most sub-samples.