Percepções sobre as mudanças climáticas na Amazônia em comunidades Ticuna das terras indígenas Éware i e Éware II, Alto Solimões-AM

Abstract

Global climate change has been affecting wetlands in the Amazon, these new scenarios are challenging for human populations dependent on forest resources. It was the need to understand the extreme climatic events of flood and drought, its links with climate change and the unfolding of the well-being of the indigenous populations that originated this study with a focus on extreme climatic events in the upper Solimões River, on the processes and adaptations in indigenous communities. In the first chapter, a combination of open access data on river level and precipitation was used, with news and articles published on extreme weather events in the region, to describe the perceived effects of floods and extreme droughts that led villages to migrate from the floodplain to dry land. In the second chapter, an analysis of the data obtained with participatory methodologies was carried out on how the migration process occurred and its consequences. Extreme floods were the most frequent EEC and caused damage could be the reason for migration. In upper Solimões River, the 2015 flood was the largest of all, causing damage to house structures, lack of food and loss of crop production. Changes in river behavior such as floods and extreme droughts are already causing socio-environmental impacts, causing floodplain villages to move to other places. The indigenous reports confirmed that the main cause of migrations were the great floods, affecting their fishing and agriculture.