Densidade básica da madeira de um ecossistema de "campina" em Roraima, Amazônia brasileira

Abstract

Wood density (g.cm-3: oven-dry weight / wet volume) was determined for 13 of the main tree species of a "campina" ecosystem (Amazon caatinga) located in Roraima, north portion of Brazilian Amazonia. The wood samples for calculation of the density of each species were "sample disks" (bark, sapwood and heartwood) of different diameter classes. In total, 98 individuals were sampled in 150 wood pieces (52 with diameter < 1.6cm; 63 to 1.6-3.2cm, 27 to 3.2-4.8cm and 8 > 4.8cm). The species with the highest wood density was Matayba arborescens (Aubl.) Radlk. (0.68 g.cm-3), followed by Humiria balsamifera (Aubl.) St. Hill. (0.67 g.cm-3) and Pera schomburgkiana Müel. Arg. (0.64 g.cm-3). The smaller diameter classes were also those with lower density: 0.59 ± 0.06 (SD) g.cm-3 (< 1.6cm), 0.64 ± 0.08 g.cm-3 (1.6-3.2cm), 0.67 ± 0.06 g.cm-3 (3.2-4.8cm) and 0.69 ± 0.10 g.cm-3 (> 4.8cm). The weighted mean by biomass of the ecosystem was 0.64 ± 0.08 g.cm-3. This result is lower by 15.2% than that presently used for transformation of wood volume in biomass for "campina" ecosystems in Amazonia, influencing directly in the calculations of greenhouse gas emissions.