Variação geográfica em cor e morfometria em três espécies de aves ao longo do interflúvio Purus madeira, Amazônia ocidental

Abstract

Characters of color and morphometry in many groups of organisms vary with the geographic location of its population, resulting in intraspecific phenotypic variability. Although there are many known cases of intraspecific geographic variation, especially in acoustic characters in amazonian birds, there are few studies on the subject and much is speculated about the determinants of same. Starting addition, we tested whether there is variation in color and morphometry in three species of Amazonian birds: Gymnopithys salvini, Willisornis poecilinotus (Thamnophilidae) and Lepidothrix coronata (Pipridae) along the Purus-Madeira interfluve. We then test whether adaptive or stochastic mechanisms are associated with the organization of phenotypic patterns of these species in the interfluve. To this end, we took colorimetric and morphometric measures of plumage of males and females from 11 localities along the BR-319. Then insert measures the colorimetric variables and morphometric variables in two distinct principal component analysis (PCA), and we used generalized linear models (GLMs) to correlate the scores of the PCA of characters of color and morphology to environmental variation and geographic over interfluvial. In all three species studied, we found variation in color, brightness and morphometry between sampling localities, and in males of the species L. coronata variation presented in the form of color cline. Only females of G. salvini and W. poecilinotus had correlated between the variation in color and variation in morphometry between the locations studied, suggesting that, in general, the color is likely to be more labile than the morphometry and expression of these two types of characters is independent apparently different generating mechanisms are subject to variation. Still, the three species studied adaptive and stochastic mechanisms were associated with the evolution of phenotypic traits studied reinforcing the evidence that both processes are not mutually exclusive and may act together on the phenotype traits.