Monitoramento hidrológico da Bacia do Rio Madeira por altimetria espacial

Abstract

The objective of this work was to monitor the hydrological stations t the border of the Amazon Basin, specifically the Madeira Basin. Radar altimetry from the Envisat and Jason-2 missions was used to provide observations of water height from 2002 to 2016. From the results obtained, the basin rivers were characterized in a hydrological way, identifying periods and beginnings of flood-spate-ebb-drought and making estimates. Finally, the observations of the altimetric satellites were used to understand the flood of 2014, which occurred in international rivers, taking into account the start of operations of the new hydroelectric power plants. The results, in general, indicate that there is influence of transboundary rivers in relation to the Madeira River, even if some of them have more seasonal, cyclical or independent behavior. The flood event in 2014 stated that there is a propagation in the maximum and minimum, upstream downstream, with significant day intervals, and the virtual stations located before the hydroelectric dams had no influence on the hydrological behavior. However, the ones located after the dams suffered from the alteration of the hydrological period, the intensity and the modification of the profile of the river.