Geastrum lloydianum E G. subiculosum: Germinação de esporos, obtenção de culturas monocarióticas e dicarióticas e condições de crescimento micelial in vitro

Abstract

The large number of species of the genus Geastrum, family Geastraceae, as well as the high morphological similarity among the species, make the identification process very complex, mainly in regions where the number of taxonomists is scarce, as in the Amazon. Due to the high diversity of this group and the few information about its growth and development in laboratory conditions, this work presents methods in ideal conditions of mycelial cultivation of G. lloydianum and G. subiculosum, species of common occurrence and occur the study period. The isolation of the monokaryotic mycelium after germination of its basidiospores and the mate in vitro for each species is presented in order to contribute to the understanding of the biology and dynamics of these species. The mean of culture Potato Dextrose Agar-prepared is indicated to the cultivation of both species, with good incubation temperature at 30ºC in stationary mode, with pH 7. This mean of culture is also indicated to the germination in vitro of the basidiospores from the two species that started with 35 days of incubation at 25ºC, without illumination. The compatibility among the isolated monokaryotics cultures of both species through in vitro mating was confirmed by observing the clamp connection on the resulting mycelium after pairing, the molecular similarity between samples of dikaryotic mycelium originated from basidiocarp, as well as the resulting dikaryotic mycelium samples observed after mating. This study enables future work involving to sexual compatibility studies, becoming a useful tool to taxonomy and providing evidence of a biological species in the genus Geastrum.