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Título: | Downward transport of ozone rich air and implications for atmospheric chemistry in the Amazon rainforest |
Autor: | Gerken, Tobias Wei, Dandan Chase, Randy J. Fuentes, José D. Schumacher, Courtney J. Machado, Luiz Augusto Toledo Andreoli, Rita Valéria Chamecki, Marcelo Souza, Rodrigo Augusto Ferreira de Freire, Livia Souza Jardine, Angela B. Manzi, Antônio Ocimar Nascimento dos Santos, Rosa M. Randow, Celso Von dos Santos Costa, Patrícia C. Stoy, Paul C. Tóta, Júlio Trowbridge, Amy M. |
Palavras-chave: | Air Pollution Atmospheric Boundary Layer Atmospheric Movements Boundary Layers Chemical Industry Heat Convection Isoprene Mixing Monoterpenes Ozone Ozone Layer Pollution Control Storms Troposphere Air Chemistry Amazon Rainforest Chemical Processing Convective Storms Convective Systems Hydroxyl Radical Formation Regional Air Pollution Vertical Distributions Atmospheric Chemistry Free Radical Hydrocarbon Hydroxyl Radical Isoprene Ozone Rain Sesquiterpenes Terpene Air Quality Atmospheric Chemistry Atmospheric Pollution Atmospheric Transport Biomass-burning Concentration (composition) Convection Hydroxyl Radical Isoprene Mesoscale Eddy Monoterpene Ozone Rainforest Vertical Distribution Air Analysis Air Pollutant Air Pollution Air Temperature Altitude Atmospheric Transport Biomass Boundary Layer Canopy Chemical Reaction Circadian Rhythm Concentration (parameters) Controlled Study Dry Deposition Evaporation Human Human Activities Hurricane Molecular Dynamics Molecular Size Oxidation Photochemistry Precipitation Priority Journal Rainforest Surface Property Thermodynamics Troposphere Amazonas |
Data do documento: | 2016 |
Revista: | Atmospheric Environment |
É parte de: | Volume 124, Pags. 64-76 |
Abstract: | From April 2014 to January 2015, ozone (O3) dynamics were investigated as part of GoAmazon 2014/5 project in the central Amazon rainforest of Brazil. Just above the forest canopy, maximum hourly O3 mixing ratios averaged 20 ppbv (parts per billion on a volume basis) during the June-September dry months and 15 ppbv during the wet months. Ozone levels occasionally exceeded 75 ppbv in response to influences from biomass burning and regional air pollution. Individual convective storms transported O3-rich air parcels from the mid-troposphere to the surface and abruptly enhanced the regional atmospheric boundary layer by as much as 25 ppbv. In contrast to the individual storms, days with multiple convective systems produced successive, cumulative ground-level O3 increases. The magnitude of O3 enhancements depended on the vertical distribution of O3 within storm downdrafts and origin of downdrafts in the troposphere. Ozone mixing ratios remained enhanced for > 2 h following the passage of storms, which enhanced chemical processing of rainforest-emitted isoprene and monoterpenes. Reactions of isoprene and monoterpenes with O3 are modeled to generate maximum hydroxyl radical formation rates of 6×106 radicals cm-3s-1. Therefore, one key conclusion of the present study is that downdrafts of convective storms are estimated to transport enough O3 to the surface to initiate a series of reactions that reduce the lifetimes of rainforest-emitted hydrocarbons. © 2015. |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.11.014 |
Aparece nas coleções: | Artigos |
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