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Título: | The potential of secondary metabolites from plants as drugs or leads against protozoan neglected diseases - Part I |
Autor: | Schmidt, Thomas Jürgen Khalid, Sami A. Romanha, Álvaro José Alves, Tânia Maria de Almeida Biavatti, Maique Weber Brun, Reto Costa, Fernando Batista da De-Castro, Solange Lisboa Ferreira, V?tor Francisco Lacerda, Marcus Vinícius Guimarães de Lago, João Henriqu Ghilardi Leon, Leonor Laura Pinto Lopes, Norberto Peporine Amorim, Rodrigo César das Neves Niehues, Michael Ogungbe, Ifedayo Victor Pohlit, Adrian Martin Scotti, M. T. Setzer, William N. Soeiro, M. N.C. de Steindel, Mário R. Tempone, Andre Gustavo |
Palavras-chave: | Ageratum Conyzoides Extract Amphotericin B Antiprotozoal Agent Artemisinin Bergapten Diterpene Eflornithine Eudesmanolide Derivative Fexinidazole Gamma Interferon Germacranolide Derivative Limonoid Lupeol Meglumine Antimonate Melarsoprol Miltefosine Myricetin Nifurtimox Parthenolide Pentamidine Pentamidine Isethionate Posaconazole Quassinoid Quercetin Scopoletin Scyx 7158 Sesquiterpene Lactone Stibogluconate Sodium Suramin Tafenoquine Unclassified Drug Unindexed Drug Xanthyletin African Trypanosomiasis Ageratum Conyzoides Anaphylaxis Chagas Disease Diarrhea Drug Determination Drug Fatality Drug Industry Drug Megadose Drug Withdrawal Enzyme Assay Fatigue Fever Headache Human Hygiene Hypertension Hypoglycemia Infection Leishmania Leishmaniasis Malaria Mortality Nausea Nephrotoxicity Neurological Complication Neutropenia Nonhuman Peripheral Neuropathy Phase 1 Clinical Trial (topic) Phase 2 Clinical Trial (topic) Phase 3 Clinical Trial (topic) Plasmodium Plasmodium Falciparum Seizure Self Care Septic Shock Shock Socioeconomics Tanacetum Parthenium Teratogenicity Trypanosoma Vomiting World Health Organization Animal Antiprotozoal Agents Biological Agents Humans Neglected Diseases Phytotherapy Plant Extracts Plants, Medicinal Protozoan Infections |
Data do documento: | 2012 |
Revista: | Current Medicinal Chemistry |
É parte de: | Volume 19, Número 14, Pags. 2128-2175 |
Abstract: | Infections with protozoan parasites are a major cause of disease and mortality in many tropical countries of the world. Diseases caused by species of the genera Trypanosoma (Human African Trypanosomiasis and Chagas Disease) and Leishmania (various forms of Leishmaniasis) are among the seventeen "Neglected Tropical Diseases" (NTDs) defined as such by WHO due to the neglect of financial investment into research and development of new drugs by a large part of pharmaceutical industry and neglect of public awareness in high income countries. Another major tropical protozoan disease is malaria (caused by various Plasmodium species), which -although not mentioned currently by the WHO as a neglected disease- still represents a major problem, especially to people living under poor circumstances in tropical countries. Malaria causes by far the highest number of deaths of all protozoan infections and is often (as in this review) included in the NTDs. The mentioned diseases threaten many millions of lives world-wide and they are mostly associated with poor socioeconomic and hygienic environment. Existing therapies suffer from various shortcomings, namely, a high degree of toxicity and unwanted effects, lack of availability and/or problematic application under the life conditions of affected populations. Development of new, safe and affordable drugs is therefore an urgent need. Nature has provided an innumerable number of drugs for the treatment of many serious diseases. Among the natural sources for new bioactive chemicals, plants are still predominant. Their secondary metabolism yields an immeasurable wealth of chemical structures which has been and will continue to be a source of new drugs, directly in their native form and after optimization by synthetic medicinal chemistry. The current review, published in two parts, attempts to give an overview on the potential of such plant-derived natural products as antiprotozoal leads and/or drugs in the fight against NTDs. © 2012 Bentham Science Publishers. |
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