Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/23266
Title: Evaluation of the anti-snakebite, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of Philodendron megalophyllum Schott (Araceae), traditionally used in accidents caused by snakes in the western region of Pará, Brazil
Authors: Costa Guimarães, Noranathan da
Freitas-De-Sousa, Luciana Aparecida
Souza, Maria Carolina Scheffer de
Oliveira de Almeida, Patrícia D.
Santos, Maria Cristina dos
Nunez, C. V.
Bezerra de Oliveira, Ricardo
Mourão, Rosa Helena Veras
Moura, Valéria Mourão de
Keywords: Coumarin
Doxorubicin
Fatty Acid
Phenol
Philodendron megalophyllum extract
Plant Extract
Tannin
Unclassified Drug
animal experiment
animal model
Anti-microbial Activity
Antioxidant Activity
Bothrops
Brazil
Colorimetry
Controlled Study
Cytotoxicity
Dpph Radical Scavenging Assay
Ethnopharmacology
Human
Human Cell
Male
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
Mouse
MRC-5 cell line
Nonhuman
Philodendron
Philodendron megalophyllum
Phytochemistry
Plant Stem
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
Priority Journal
Rural Area
Snakebite
Chromatography, Thin Layer
Medicine, Traditional
en
Issue Date: 2020
metadata.dc.publisher.journal: Toxicon
metadata.dc.relation.ispartof: Volume 184, Pags. 99-108
Abstract: Ethnopharmacological relevance: In the region of Western Pará, Amazonia, Brazil, Philodendron megalophyllum is widely used for the treatment of envenomations caused by bites from venomous snakes. The traditional use of plants is usually done through oral administration of an infusion (decoction) soon after the bite occurs. The efficiency of aqueous extracts of P. megalophyllum was demonstrated for blocking the activity of the venom of Bothrops sp., but only for a pre-incubation protocol (venom:extract), which fails to simulate the real form of use of this species. In this context, the objective of this research was to evaluate the anti-snakebite potential of the aqueous extract of P. megalophyllum to inhibit for the biological activity induced by Bothrops atrox venom (BaV) using traditional treatment methods. Material and methods: Initially, an aqueous extract using the stem of P. megalophyllum (AEPm) was prepared following the standard procedure used by the residents of the rural area along the Tapajós River (Eixo Forte region) in Santarém, PA, Brazil. The phytochemical profile of AEPm was conducted using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and phenolic compounds were quantified through colorimetric trials. The cytotoxicity of AEPm was evaluated using the MRC-5 human fibroblast line, and the antioxidant potential was measured using DPPH methods and cell culture. AEPm antimicrobial action was evaluated by the 96-well plate microdilution and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods using 18 types of microorganisms including bacteria that are present in the oral cavity of snakes. AEPm blocking potential was tested against BaV activity in vitro (fibrinolytic) and in vivo (defibrinating and hemorrhagic). In order to test for an interaction between BaV and AEPm SDS-PAGE electrophoresis was conducted. Results: The presence of coumarins, fatty acids, and hydrolysable tannins were detected in the AEPm. The colorimetric trials showed that AEPm had a high concentration of condensed tannins (20.1 ± 1.2%). The potential of AEPm for blocking of hemorrhagic and fibrinolytic activity of BaV showed a maximum reduction of 86.1% and 96.5%, respectively, for the pre-incubation protocol (1:10, venom:extract). However, when the extract was administered orally there was no significant blocking of these activities. The interaction of BaV and AEPm showed a modification of the profile of proteic bands when compared to the pattern of bands obtained from the BaV alone. The AEPm was not considered toxic, demonstrated antioxidant activity, and was capable of reducing the growth of 10 of the 18 studied microorganisms. Conclusion: Although the stem of P. megalophyllum is indicated by traditional medicine techniques as effective against snakebites, the extract, when tested orally was not able to significantly inhibit (p ˃ 0.05) hemorrhage and defibrinating activity induced by the B. atrox venom. On the other hand, the extract yielded a promising result with respect to antioxidant and antimicrobial potential, and after further studies it could be used as a complementary treatment for localized action and secondary infections that frequently occur with snakebites from the genus of Bothrops sp. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
metadata.dc.identifier.doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.05.024
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