Variabilidade Interanual do Estoque de Água na Amazônia Central: Análise Observacional e Aplicação de um Modelo Integrado Solo-Aquífero

Abstract

The main objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the total water storage memory of the soil, of the water flow, both surface and deep, and at the groundwater dynamics, evaluating representations of seasonal and interannual water storage variation through simulations of an integrated soil-aquifer system, using the Noah-MP and SIMple Groundwater Model (SIMGM) models, at the study field located at Reserva Cuieiras, km 34 of ZF-2. The sensitivity of the water storage to the lower boundary conditions of the model was also evaluated, considering the interaction flows by free drainage and by capillary effect. The results obtained in this study were: ERA5 reanalysis data are close to the data acquired in the study field; by calibrating the Noah-MP model with the soil parameters of the study field allowed the determination of a well-adjusted soil moisture for the superficial layers; soil-aquifer interaction in the base layer of the model favored moistening in upper soil layers, increasing as soil microporosity increased; by including the aquifer in the NOAH-MP model, it was possible to simulate the water storage anomalies in the soil-aquifer system for extreme weather years; finally, the effect of free drainage favors the drying of the soil layers while maintaining the level of the aquifer water supply, while the inclusion of the upward flow by capillarity effect is in the opposite direction.