Caracterização de biocarvões produzidos a partir de resíduos de açaí (euterpe oleracea), bambu (bambusa vulgaris) e castanha-do-brasil (bertholletia excelsa

Abstract

Biochar is a material that has been widely used as a soil conditioner and in the use associated with fertilizers. The raw material and temperature used in its production directly interfere with characteristics such as electronegativity, pH and pore quantity. Thus, this work aimed to characterize three types of biochar produced from açaí stone, bamboo stalk and Brazil nut seeds. The raw materials were dried, crushed, sieved and submitted to three temperatures of 300ºC, 500ºC and 700ºC in a muffle furnace in the residence time of 2h. The characterization was done by RAMAN spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), zeta potential, yield and nutrient determination. The variance analysis (ANOVA) was applied to the values found, and when there was significance, the Tukey test was applied (p <0.05). Biochars produced from nuts have the highest yield and the most basic pH. Bamboo biochar showed the most electronegative values among the evaluated samples and 3% K content at 700 ° C. All biochar presented a disorganized structure, with alkaline pH and electronegative surface.