Propagação vegetativa e estabelecimento in vitro de Swietenia macophylla King e Handroanthus serratifolius (Vahl) S. O. Grose

Abstract

The aim of this work is to define the propagation strategies of the species Swietenia macrophylla King and Tabebuia serratifolia (Vahl) S. O. Grose. through cuttings and growing of the in vitro. At the first experiment, the vegetable matter was formed of cuttings that were taken from the basal and apical part of young seedlings of seminal origin. The bases of the cuttings were treated by concentrated solutions containing 0, 1.000, 2.000 and 4.000 mg.L-1 of IBA and inoculated into trays with vermiculite and sand, they were kept in greenhouse with intermittent mist system and shading of 70%. The experiment was arranged in experimental design of randomized blocks with factorial arrangement 2x4 then evaluated after 120 days. For in vitro cultivation, seeds, with seed coat, were previously washed with detergent and water. Subsequently, in a laminar air flow (LAF), the skins were removed and the seeds were exposed to ethanol of 70% for 3 minutes and sodium hypochlorite (2.5%) for 5; 10; 15; 20; 25 and 30 minutes. A triple wash with distilled water sterilized from the seeds was carried out and the inoculation started in culture medium consisting of basic salts of MS. The used design was completely randomized, with 7 treatments with 10 repetitions. Each species was considered an independent experiment. Considering the conditions in which the first experiment was conducted, it is technically feasible the vegetative propagation of S. macrophylla and T. serratifolius, by rooting cuttings from the seminal source material strains originated from seminal even though it did not use AIB. basal cuttings S. macrophylla have higher rooting. For in vitro germination, the number of roots by H. serratifolius stake doubled compared to control at a concentration of 4000 mg L-1 of AIB. The aseptic with 70% of alcohol associated with sodium hypochlorite is effective and it is recommended the time of 15 min. for S. macrophylla and 5 min. for H. serratifolius. The use of sodium hypochlorite over 5 min. H. serratifolius reduced the percentage of seed germination.