A atribuição da guarda municipal em ações ambientais efetivas nas unidades de conservação de Manaus.

Abstract

The objective of this work is to evaluate how the Municipal Guard meets the service demands in the environmental area of the Conservation Units in the municipality of Manaus. The visit to the parks of the city of Manaus cause impacts in natural environments by opening tracks or deforestation of a certain area, which cause changes in the dynamics of an entire ecosystem, among these changes the fauna is one of the impact targets. Examples of negative impacts on fauna can be ascertained by conducting studies on the ecology of the species at these sites, which demonstrate changes in diet and animal habitats due to the changes they are exposed in these environments. Some plant species essential to the feeding of these animals are extinct with simple changes in the environment, behavioral changes in the fauna and increase in mortality rates are also observed. The social impacts, in general, are also often related to the visitor's misconduct during the visitation. One example concerns visual pollution. It is considered visual pollution, acts of vandalism that depreciate the beauty of the natural landscape, the trash that is taken by the visitor and discarded unduly, or the noise of the conversations that drives animals, or the fact that mechanical damage is caused on the vegetation, by trampling , resulting in loss of copies. In this way, it is questioned: Since the constant presence of the Municipal Guard of Manaus, in the respective Conservation Units, can favor a preventive interaction with the public, thus avoiding environmental degradation. The methodological procedures of the study constitute a bibliographic research of the analytical and descriptive type, and a field research. In the bibliographical research the data on the subject were collected in books, publications as scientific articles, periodicals, consult to pertinent sites in the internet. Parallel to the bibliographical research, documents such as: IBAMA, SEMMAS, information on the legal instruments (Laws, Decrees, Ordinances) on the Municipal Guard were analyzed. The field research included the application of a semi- structured questionnaire, with 10 (ten) open questions, addressed to 16 Municipal Guard professionals and 10 (open) open questions addressed to 04 Managers of the PAs: 05 of Mindú Park, 05 Rising from Mindú, 05 from the Tupé Reserve, 05 from the Sauim- Castanheira Refuge. It occurs that of the 16 professionals of the Municipal Guard scaled to answer the questionnaire, only 10 were present, because according to the Director of the Municipal Guard, there was reduction of effective. As a result of the research regarding the duties of the Municipal Guard in the Manaus CU, of the 10 municipal guards interviewed, it was observed that 03 municipal guards have knowledge about the assignments, 01 municipal guard more or less has knowledge about the assignments, 02 are not aware of its attributions, another 04 responded to assist environmental agents by providing support regarding the safetyof visitors to the Park. Thus, the question of the absence of a specific preparation by the Guards interviewed was manifested when asked if they feel prepared to act in the CU. Therefore, it is concluded that the Municipal Guard has the mission of protecting the ecological patrimony, acting in the public space, parks, historical monuments, with educational actions and practices focused on the conservation of the environment, but the results show that the Municipal Guards is unsatisfactory, due to a lack of understanding on the part of the agents about their attributions to work in the CU. It is recommended that managers equip their corporations so that it is possible to exercise the activity by making this category an instrument of their Municipal Environmental policy.