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dc.contributor.authorDequigiovanni, Gabriel-
dc.contributor.authorRamos, Santiago Linorio Ferreyra-
dc.contributor.authorAlves-Pereira, Alessandro-
dc.contributor.authorFabri, Eliane Gomes-
dc.contributor.authorDoriane, Picanço Rodrigues-
dc.contributor.authorClement, Charles Roland-
dc.contributor.authorGepts, P.-
dc.contributor.authorVeasey, Elizabeth Ann-
dc.date.accessioned2020-04-24T16:59:59Z-
dc.date.available2020-04-24T16:59:59Z-
dc.date.issued2018-
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/14659-
dc.description.abstractAnnatto (Bixa orellana L.) is a tropical American crop, commercially valuable due to its application in the food and cosmetics industries as a natural dye. The wild ancestor of cultivated annatto is B. orellana var. urucurana. Although never cultivated, this variety occurs in open forests and anthropogenic landscapes, and is always associated with riparian environments. In this study, we evaluated the genetic diversity and structure of B. orellana var. urucurana populations in Brazilian Amazonia using 16 microsatellite loci. We used Ecological Niche Modeling (ENM) to characterize the potential geographical range of this variety in northern South America. We analyzed 170 samples from 10 municipalities in the states of Rondônia, Pará and Roraima. A total of 194 alleles was observed, with an average of 12.1 alleles per locus. Higher levels of expected (HE) than observed (HO) heterozygosities were found for all populations. Bayesian analysis, Neighbor-Joining dendrograms and PCAs suggest the existence of three strongly structured groups of populations. A strong and positive correlation between genetic and geographic distances was found, suggesting that genetic differentiation might be caused by geographic isolation. From species distribution modelling, we detected that South Rondônia, Madre di Dios River basin, Llanos de Mojos, Llanos de Orinoco and eastern Ecuador are highly suitable areas for wild annatto to occur, providing additional targets for future exploration and conservation. Climatic adaptation analyses revealed strong differentiation among populations, suggesting that precipitation plays a key role in wild annatto’s current and potential distribution patterns. This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.en
dc.language.isoenpt_BR
dc.relation.ispartofVolume 13, Número 6pt_BR
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/*
dc.subjectAlleleen
dc.subjectBixa Orellanaen
dc.subjectBixa Orellana Var. Urucuranaen
dc.subjectClimateen
dc.subjectControlled Studyen
dc.subjectGene Locusen
dc.subjectGene Structuresen
dc.subjectGenetic Variabilityen
dc.subjectGeographyen
dc.subjectHeterozygosityen
dc.subjectMicrosatellite Markeren
dc.subjectNonhumanen
dc.subjectPlant Geneticsen
dc.subjectSpecies Distributionen
dc.subjectVarietasen
dc.subjectWild Speciesen
dc.subjectAcclimatizationen
dc.subjectBixaceaeen
dc.subjectEnvironmental Protectionen
dc.subjectForesten
dc.subjectGenetic Variationen
dc.subjectGeneticsen
dc.subjectAnnattoen
dc.subjectCarotenoiden
dc.subjectMicrosatellite Dnaen
dc.subjectPlant Extracten
dc.subjectAcclimatizationen
dc.subjectBixaceaeen
dc.subjectCarotenoidsen
dc.subjectConservation Of Natural Resourcesen
dc.subjectForestsen
dc.subjectGenetic Variationen
dc.subjectMicrosatellite Repeatsen
dc.subjectPlant Extractsen
dc.titleHighly structured genetic diversity of Bixa orellana var. urucurana, the wild ancestor of annatto, in Brazilian Amazoniaen
dc.typeArtigopt_BR
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0198593-
dc.publisher.journalPLoS ONEpt_BR
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