Euglossine bee (Hymenoptera, Apidae) community in Atlantic forest fragments in southeastern Brazil

Abstract

The Euglossine bee community was sampled with chemical bait traps throughout 12 months (November 2004 to October 2005) in five remnants of submontane Atlantic Forest in São João river basin, in the north of Rio de Janeiro state with different sizes and degradation levels: Reserva Biológica União (3126 ha), Andorinhas (145 ha), Imbaú (130 ha), Estreito (21 ha) e Afetiva (19 ha). 4094 individuals belonging to 17 species of three genera (Euglossa, Eulaema and Exaerete) were captured. The species with highest values of relative abundance were Euglossa cordata (Linnaeus, 1758), Eulaema cingulata (Fabricius, 1804), Eulaema nigrita Lepeletier, 1841 and Euglossa sapphirina Moure, 1968, the last one being more important in the smaller remnants. Among the collected species Euglossa analis Westwood, 1840 is suggested as possible indicator of preserved forests. Comparing the five areas, positive and significant correlations were observed, bee species richness with area size and bee diversity (H') with floristic diversity (H'). These results suggest that losses in forest size and habitat quality influence euglossine bee communities negatively by reducing the abundance and richness of species. The highest similarity values were observed in the Imbaú region remnants, distant from each other by up to 2 km, suggesting that these areas are not isolated for euglossine populations, or they have been suffering similar fragmentation effects. © 2009 Sociedade Brasileira De Entomologia.