Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/15516
Title: Why is Amazonia a 'source' of biodiversity? Climate-mediated dispersal and synchronous speciation across the Andes in an avian group (Tityrinae)
Authors: Musher, Lukas J.
Ferreira, Mateus
Auerbach, Anya L.
McKay, Jessica
Cracraft, Joel L.
Keywords: Biodiversity
Biogeography
Biome
Climate Effect
Dispersal
Displacement
Divergence
Emigration
Evolutionary Biology
Habitat Corridor
Neotropical Region
Passerine
Speciation (biology)
Amazonia
Andes
Aves
Tityrinae
Animals
Animals Dispersal
Biodiversity
Climate
Evolution
Genetics
Passeriformes
Phylogeny
Physiology
South America
Species Differentiation
Animals Distribution
Animal
Biodiversity
Biological Evolution
Climate
Genetic Speciation
Passeriformes
Phylogeny
South America
Issue Date: 2019
metadata.dc.publisher.journal: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
metadata.dc.relation.ispartof: Volume 286, Número 1900
Abstract: Amazonia is a 'source' of biodiversity for other Neotropical ecosystems, but which conditions trigger in situ speciation and emigration is contentious. Three hypotheses for how communities have assembled include (1) a stochastic model wherein chance dispersal events lead to gradual emigration and species accumulation, (2) diversity-dependence wherein successful dispersal events decline through time due to ecological limits, and (3) barrier displacement wherein environmental change facilitates dispersal to other biomes via transient habitat corridors. We sequenced thousands of molecular markers for the Neotropical Tityrinae (Aves) and applied a novel filtering protocol to identify loci with high utility for dated phylogenomics. We used these loci to estimate divergence times and model Tityrinae's evolutionary history. We detected a prominent role for speciation driven by barriers including synchronous speciation across the Andes and found that dispersal increased toward the present. Because diversification was continuous but dispersal was non-random over time, we show that barrier displacement better explains Tityrinae's history than stochasticity or diversity-dependence. We propose that Amazonia is a source of biodiversity because (1) it is a relic of a biome that was once more extensive, (2) environmentally mediated corridors facilitated emigration and (3) constant diversification is attributed to a spatially heterogeneous landscape that is perpetually dynamic through time. © 2019 The Author(s).
metadata.dc.identifier.doi: 10.1098/rspb.2018.2343
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