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Título: | Biochemical and behavioral responses of the Amazonian fish Colossoma macropomum to crude oil: The effect of oil layer on water surface |
Autor: | Kochhann, Daiani Jardim, Manoela Meyersieck Valdez Domingos, Fab?ola Xochilt Val, Adalberto Luis |
Palavras-chave: | Acetylcholinesterase Alkaline Phosphatase Crude Oil Water Insoluble Fraction Crude Water Soluble Fraction Inert Oil Water Insoluble Fraction Inert Oil Water Soluble Fraction Mineral Oil Oil Layer Petroleum Water Surface Unclassified Drug Acetylcholinesterase Petroleum Water Pollutant Behavioral Response Bioaccumulation Biochemistry Biomarker Crude Oil Enzyme Activity Fish Oil Spills Pollutant Transport Pollution Effect Pollution Exposure River Pollution Swimming Behavior Toxicity Aerobic Capacity Alarm Substance Response Behavior, Animals Animals Cell Animals Experiment Animals Tissue Colossoma Macropomum Concentration (parameters) Controlled Study Environmental Exposure Enzyme Activity Fish Food Intake Gill Histopathology Hypertrophy Hypertrophy Of Lamellar Epithelium Juvenile Animals Lamellar Fusion Long Term Exposure Nonhuman Sublethal Exposure Swimming Velocity Anatomy And Histology Animals Characiformes Drug Effects Metabolism Pathology Physiology River Toxicity Water Pollutant Amazonas Manaus Solimoes River Urucu River Colossoma Macropomum Colossoma Marcopomum Acetylcholinesterase Animal Characiformes Gills Petroleum Rivers Swimming Water Pollutants, Chemical |
Data do documento: | 2015 |
Revista: | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
É parte de: | Volume 111, Pags. 32-41 |
Abstract: | The largest Brazilian terrestrial province of petroleum mining is located at the margins of Urucu River, Amazonas. Mined crude oil is transported along 400km across Solimões River to be refined in Manaus. Thus, the main goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of crude oil exposure on biochemical, physiological and behavioral parameters of juveniles of the Amazonian fish tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). The toxicity of water-soluble and insoluble oil fractions and the influence of a layer formed by the oil on the water surface from low and high concentrations of crude oil were analyzed. The results showed a strong physical effect of oil at the water surface and a significant effect on fish behavior. Swimming time and response to alarm substance decreased when fish was exposed for just one day to water insoluble fraction, and remain lower after 30 days of exposure, compared to control. Chronic exposure to water insoluble fraction of the inert oil also affected these two parameters. Critical swimming velocity decreased in fish exposed to both crude and inert oil water insoluble fraction. These reductions are possibly related to a decrease in aerobic capacity. Only exposure to high concentrations of petroleum water-soluble fractions induced transient alterations of the analyzed parameters. The exposure of fish to low and high concentrations of water insoluble fraction of Urucu oil caused a reduction of responses to alarm substance, spontaneous swimming activity and swimming capacity (Ucrit), decreased activity of acetylcholinesterase, and increased activity of alkaline phosphatase. Severe hypertrophy of lamellar epithelium and extensive lamellar fusion of the gills were also observed. Overall, these results show significant behavioral and physiological changes caused by the oil layer on the water surface, which means that toxicity of petroleum produced by its chemical components is, in fact, in this fish species, enhanced by the presence of an oil phase as a physical barrier. •Effects of crude oil on the Amazonian fish tambaqui were analyzed.•Behavioral and physiological parameters were affected by the oil layer.•Oil layer at water surface causes stronger effects than dissolved PAHs.•Amazonian fish species that use air-water interface are vulnerable to oil layer during an oil spill. © 2014 Elsevier Inc. |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.09.016 |
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