Notes on the biology of Scaura (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini)

Abstract

The genus Scaura Schwarz is characterized by having specimens with metabasitarsus as inflated as the metatibia and malar space shorter than the diameter of the flagellum. Some of its species need both termitaria and preexisting cavities for nesting, in addition, this genus has specimens that build the brood cells in the form of horizontal discs (S. amazonica, S. aspera, S. cearensis, S. atlantica and S. argyrea), vertical columns (S. longula) and irregular curls (S. latitarsis). We bring here information about the biology of each species, in relation to some aspects of nesting, such as nest architecture, entrance formats, and nesting substrates; behavior, such as defensive relationship, resource collection, and wax production and modes of specimen collection, with different traps or baits. Scaura species are docile because they do not defend the disturbed nest. Therefore, they are probably not able to thermoregulate or actively defend the nest depending on the insulating and protective characteristics of the structures where they shelter (termites or tree trunks). Information about species biology is important to help build or reinforce conservation attitudes. © 2021 International Bee Research Association.