Estudo químico e biológico de parkia nitida Miq. (Fabaceae)

Abstract

Fabaceae species are rich in bioactive secondary metabolites, such as terpenes, cardioactive glycosides, anthraquinones, alkaloids, steroids and especially flavonoids, which have biological activities: antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antitumor and antioxidant. Considering botanical, chemotaxonomic aspects and scarcity of studies, the objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant, antimicrobial, angiogenic and toxicity against Artemia salina of the extracts and characterization of isolated substances from Parkia nitida Miq. The hexane and methanolic extracts were obtained from different parts of the plant. To determine the biological activities, the following tests were carried out: antioxidant (DPPH and Fe3+/Phenanthroline), antimicrobial activity, antiangiogenic and toxicity against Artemia salina. Among the bioactive extracts, from the methanolic extract of leaflets, 3 triterpenes were identified in a mixture: α-amyrin, β-amyrin and lupeol. The methanolic extract of fertile flowers and nectarifers showed toxic activity against Artemia salina, antimicrobial, antioxidant and antiangiogenic, from this extract the fractionation resulted in the isolation of a flavanone: naringenin 5-O-glycoside. This work is the first report of naringenin 5-O-glycoside for the genus Parkia. The results obtained in this research complement the knowledge about P. nitida in the Amazon environment and reinforce the potential of this species for future work.

Keywords: Phytochemistry, triterpenes, naringenin 5-O-glycoside.