A pesca profissional em sistemas de lagos no eixo fluvial Solimões-Amazonas e principais tributários do Estado do Amazonas

Abstract

The present work had with central object of study to analyze the professional fishery of lakes made by the commercial fleet corresponding to the 1994-2001 period. The effect of the landsacpe variables on fishing yield was analyzed in three work scales using techniques of General Lineal Models for the professional fishery of lakes made by the fishing fleet that landing in Manaus. In the macroscale, significant differences of fishing yield were observed explained by characteristics of the hydrologic factor and of the distance of the land port (Manaus city). In the local Level, the landscape variables that you had effect on the variability of the fishing yield of lakes they were the perimeter, the amount of flooded forest, of open superficial areas, the size of the connection with main river and the fishing effort. In the mesoscale it was evidenced that the geomorfologic unit where the lake system is fit it also influenced in the variability of the fishing yield of lakes. The different levels of analysis of the data accomplished along the three chapters of this study they led to the identification of indicators variables, which characterized units of handling in different space scales of work. In this context, the areas of fishing of lakes were defined in three ecosystem levels: 1) fluvial systems: Areas of Management of Basins, 2) transition systems Várzea/Terra Firme: Areas of Lake Management for basins and 3) predominant lacustrine systems for lake type: Areas of local management community. They were proposed 4 territorial units of management wich is: Medium Solimões; Low Solimões; Low Purus and High Amazonas Units. This approach generated a group significant descritores that can represent a system of indicators for the monitorament and control of the fishing of lakes. Finally, the present study proposed the definition of ecossystem and territorial units of management of the fishing in lakes, with the intention of contributing for an administration of the fishing in lakes that doesn't just consider the local subjects, but also that he is elaborated shimmering other scales geographical, environmental, ecosystems and economics. 11xi