Taxonomia, biologia e produção de semente-inóculo de Panus strigellus, um cogumelo comestível da Amazônia

Abstract

The Amazon climate favours the growth of numerous mushroom species. One of these species, Panus strigellus, has potential applications in food industries. This work presents studies about the taxonomy, biology and spawn s production of P. strigellus. This edible mushroom presented macroscopic characteristics similar to those of P. lecomtei. Combined evidences of morphological and molecular studies were used to confirm species identification. Morphological characters details for P. strigellus as well as its occurrence to Amazonas State are described at the first time. Geographical distribution in the Americas was reviewed for both species. The spawn production, known as Spawn in English, Tanekin in Japanese and Blanc in French, is the first step for mushrooms cultivation. In this work the spawn formulations of P. strigellus were obtained successfully using regional agroforestry residues. Also, the biological characteristics of P. strigellus were described, such as mycelial preservation, extracellular enzymatic activity, life cycle including the mating type. For this, four methods to mycelial culture maintenance were studied. Isolates of this species showed amylase, cellulase, esterase and lipase extracellular enzymatic activity in specific solid media. The life cycle under laboratory conditions was completed and the tetrapolar mating system of P. strigellus was confirmed. Experiments of monokaryons crossing between P. strigellus and P. lecomtei were accomplished at the first time, these species showed incompatibility.