A definição de áreas de uso tradicional e a percepção ambiental de duas comunidades ribeirinhas para subsidiar zoneamento ambiental na Floresta Nacional do Tapajós

Abstract

The present study proposed to map areas of traditional use and the evolution of land-use changes from 2004 to 2014 of two riparian traditional communities in the Tapajós National Forest, located in the western part of the state of Pará (2 ° 45 'to 4 ° 10'S and 54 ° 45' to 55 ° 30W), to identify the boundaries between the communities of Acaratinga and Jaguarari, to obtain information about the environmental perception of community members considering the changes promoted by man in the environment and to collect subsidies for the planning of the environmental zoning of the populated area within the national forest. The tools used to achieve the objectives were the “Diagnóstico Rural Participativo” (Particpative Rural Diagnosis), field surveys and TerraClass project data. Limits between the communities of Acaratinga and Jaguarari were identified, the areas of traditional (family) use, and the environmental perception of community members in relation to the environment in which they live were surveyed. The sizes of the communities and the areas of use of the families were quantified. The analysis of land use and land cover between the periods 2004 to 2014 showed that the class with the greatest territorial expression was “forest” and that the mosaic class of occupations increased in the last two years of the analyzed period. The study showed that the interviewees are aware of changes in the environment, recognize the importance of the forest and that the measures recommended by the interviewees to minimize environmental problems are in accordance with ICMBio standards. The study proposes that a micro zoning of the communities area should be carried out to reconcile the presence of the communities with the conservation of the protected area. The results will be presented to the managing body of the national forest and returned to the communities involved.