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Title: | A Unique Box in 28S rRNA Is Shared by the Enigmatic Insect Order Zoraptera and Dictyoptera |
Authors: | Wang, Yanhui Engel, Michael S. Rafael, José Albertino Dang, Kai Wu, Haoyang Wang, Ying Xie, Qiang Bu, Wenjun |
Keywords: | Nuclear Protein Rna 28s Cladistics Dictyoptera Dna Sequence Earwig Embioptera Genetic Variability Grylloblattodea Holometabola Louse Mantophasmatodea Megaloptera Molecular Phylogeny Neuroptera Nonhuman Nucleotide Sequence Phasmatodea Plecoptera Protein Secondary Structure Psocoptera Sequence Homology Species Difference Synapomorphy Thysanoptera Zoraptera Animalss Base Sequence Bayes Theorem Computational Biology Conserved Sequence Ribosomal Dna Insects Models, Genetic Molecular Sequence Data Nucleic Acid Conformation Phylogeny Rna, Ribosomal, 28s Sequence Alignment Dermaptera Dictyoptera Endopterygota Grylloblattodea Hexapoda Insecta Mantophasmatodea Paraneoptera Phasmatodea Plecoptera Zoraptera |
Issue Date: | 2013 |
metadata.dc.publisher.journal: | PLoS ONE |
metadata.dc.relation.ispartof: | Volume 8, Número 1 |
Abstract: | The position of the Zoraptera remains one of the most challenging and uncertain concerns in ordinal-level phylogenies of the insects. Zoraptera have been viewed as having a close relationship with five different groups of Polyneoptera, or as being allied to the Paraneoptera or even Holometabola. Although rDNAs have been widely used in phylogenetic studies of insects, the application of the complete 28S rDNA are still scattered in only a few orders. In this study, a secondary structure model of the complete 28S rRNAs of insects was reconstructed based on all orders of Insecta. It was found that one length-variable region, D3-4, is particularly distinctive. The length and/or sequence of D3-4 is conservative within each order of Polyneoptera, but it can be divided into two types between the different orders of the supercohort, of which the enigmatic order Zoraptera and Dictyoptera share one type, while the remaining orders of Polyneoptera share the other. Additionally, independent evidence from phylogenetic results support the clade (Zoraptera+Dictyoptera) as well. Thus, the similarity of D3-4 between Zoraptera and Dictyoptera can serve as potentially valuable autapomorphy or synapomorphy in phylogeny reconstruction. The clades of (Plecoptera+Dermaptera) and ((Grylloblattodea+Mantophasmatodea)+(Embiodea+Phasmatodea)) were also recovered in the phylogenetic study. In addition, considering the other studies based on rDNAs, this study reached the highest congruence with previous phylogenetic studies of Holometabola based on nuclear protein coding genes or morphology characters. Future comparative studies of secondary structures across deep divergences and additional taxa are likely to reveal conserved patterns, structures and motifs that can provide support for major phylogenetic lineages. © 2013 Wang et al. |
metadata.dc.identifier.doi: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0053679 |
Appears in Collections: | Artigos |
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