Propagação in vitro e bioprospecção de extratos de plântulas de Libidibia ferrea (Fabaceae)

Abstract

The objective of this study was to establish and evaluate methods of in vitro propagation and bioprospecting of seedlings extracts of Libidibia ferrea (Fabaceae), which will allow the multiplication of superior genotypes with potential for medicinal use. The experiments were developed at the Laboratory of Silviculture and Digital Technology (LASTED) and Laboratory of Bioprospecting and Biotechnology (LABB), both linked to the National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA, Manaus, AM), in partnership with the Laboratory of Plant Tissue Culture (LCTV) of the Amazonas State University (UEA, Manaus, AM). The research includes four chapters. Chapter I - In vitro culture of zygotic embryos and seeds of L. ferrea and the morphogenetic responses of explants in relation to different concentrations of growth regulators. The results indicated the technical viability of zygotic embryo culture and seed germination in vitro, becoming as an alternative technique for in vitro propagation of this species. In Chapter II - The effect of different concentrations of 2,4-D and ANA alone or in combination with BAP and TDZ for the induction of friable calli from leaf explants and nodal segments was evaluated. The results showed that both types of explants presented significant differences (p <0.05) in callus induction, morphology and coloring. Maximum induction of friable calli (90%) was obtained from nodal segment explants cultured in MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L-1 of 2,4-D and 5,0 mg L-1 of TDZ. In relation to chapter III - The light influence from red-blue LED and white LED on the calogenesis and in vitro seedling regeneration of L. ferrea was evaluated. The red-blue LED light stimulated the greater formation of friable calli and the in vitro regeneration of seedlings in relation to the white LED light. The results confirm the efficiency of using red-blue LED and white LED light for calogenesis and the in vitro regeneration of L. ferrea. In chapter V - Chemical and biological study was carried out on hexane, methanolic and aqueous extracts obtained from the leaves, stems and roots of seedlings originated from the in vitro culture of L. ferrea. The evaluation of the extracts showed the presence of different secondary metabolites, and antibacterial, antioxidant and toxic activities