Eschweilera coriacea (Lecythidaceae): um complexo de espécies ou uma espécie complexa?

Abstract

In this thesis, the richness and diversity of tree species in the Amazon were investigated, with a focus on one of the most diverse and abundant botanical families in this biome, the Lecythidaceae family. The study aimed to delimit evolutionarily distinct lineages for an important species in the Amazon Basin, Eschweilera coriacea, as well as to describe a new species within the Eschweilera genus. Using genomic (RADSeq), morphological, and spectral data, five monophyletic lineages were delineated within the Eschweilera coriacea complex. Additionally, a new species for the genus, Eschweilera paulobocae, was described, found in Central Amazonia. The main distinguishing feature of the new species is the almost nonexistent calyx region in its fruits. The detailed description was based on morphological characteristics observed in specimens deposited in biological collections and field-collected samples. The species was named in honor of the taxonomist Paulo Boca. The results emphasize the need for an integrative approach in delimiting closely related species, combining multiple lines of evidence to achieve precise species delineation. The research also highlights the importance of continuous studies using different data sources to enhance knowledge about the Lecythidaceae family, which plays a crucial role in structuring Amazonian forests.